VERDAD「田中康夫の新ニッポン論」Vol.115「景観とはなにか」VERDAD “Yasuo Tanaka’s New Nippon Theory (Nipponism)”　 Vol.115 “What is a Landscape＝Cityscape”

“Will you please cooperate with me in legislating ordinance for conserving the townscape of Karuizawa?”

That’s what Mayor Masayoshi Sato asked me on November 12, 2001, visiting me at my glass-walled governor’s office on the first floor of the prefectural government building. He was determined to protect his city Karuizawa from becoming another Echigo-Yuzawa. He said, “The construction rush of resort condominiums must stop.”

The incident reminded me of what Fuji Xerox Chair Yotaro Kobayashi and former President of the Imperial Hotel Ichiro Inumaru told me when I encountered them on board the Hokuriku Shinkansen line. They told me “We are seriously concerned about development without principles… ” but “ collecting signatures won’t do anything.”

I gave the Mayor advice.  “Let’s issue a declaration first. The Karuizawa Condominium Method. Then, draft an ordinance that not only sets rules on construction but for preservation of landscape from pluralistic viewpoints.

“Procedural democracy" often brings results contrary to the wishes of the people. The assembly has no choice but approve building warrant applications that are submitted while deliberating on ordinance , as long as they comply with rules and regulations under the Building Standards Act.

With pride in "accurate recognition, quick decision and action, and clear responsibility,” we issued "Declaration of the Karuizawa Condominium Method ~Karuizawa's high-quality vacation home environment is a valuable asset for Japan~” on December 11^th. It only took one month. We made the announcement at a hotel, formerly-known as Mikasa Hotel, built in 1905 during Meiji era.

• Apartment buildings must have no more than two stories not only in Type 1 exclusively low-rise residential zones, but in Type 1 residential zones.
• Condominiums with 20 or more units must have a site area of more than 110 square meters per unit.
• A building must have fewer than 20 units.
• Based on these guidelines, the town's Nature Conservation Measures and the instruction manuals for Nature Conservation Measures will be revised and implemented as of New Year's Day the following year.

Criticism came immediately from several media outlets affiliated with the “Nagano government Press Club,” which is a voluntary social gathering. They lashed out at me saying, “How could he issue a declaration again which lacks in legal basis? When does he learn a lesson?” making references to my past declarations…"anti-dam" "anti-press club.”

But a surprise. Nikkei = Nihon Keizai Shimbun and TV Tokyo, the apparent "flagships" of economic neoliberalism, gave positive coverage. Responses came from multiple developers.

ORIX expressed reservations until the very end. The Osaka-based leasing company ORIX incidentally states its corporate philosophy as "Anticipating market demands and creating new values and environment through our progressive and global financial services, we will contribute to our society. "But the outrageous plan of removing the same volume of earth and sand as the Nagano Prefectural Office building to Gunma Prefecture by dump trucks was given up after criticism.

An ordinance passed the assembly, titled "Regulations Concerning Procedures for Land Use Actions for Nature Conservation in the Town of Karuizawa. "On December 22, 2005, we issued another declaration "Beautiful and Rich Nature and Landscape of Karuizawa are valuable assets of Japan - Karuizawa Townscape Method."

Prior to all this, we appointed architect Norihiko Dan "Master Architect" for Karuizawa and Iida.

Here’s my remark from the August 2004 issue of "New Architecture."

“Architecture must be extremely social. Napoleon III appointed Georges Haussmann, the governor of the Seine, who built boulevards radiating out from the Arc de Triomphe. He called for high-quality unity in the height and shape of buildings while allowing individuality. “Paris Remodeling” “Haussmann’s renovation of Paris” still fascinates us today. Debate on social nature of "Urban Planning" which produces democratic outcome can only begin by appointing someone by name. The Shinshu initiative is not a 20th century civilization but a public work project to bequeath culture to the future. In other words, the initiative is a new, Keynesian New Deal.”

Back on topic. The "redevelopment" of the Meiji Jingu Gaien area, authorized by the Tokyo Government whose head is a former environment minister Yuriko Koike, is attracting a great deal of attention.

ITOCHU Corporation whose corporate philosophy is based on the founder’s words of wisdom “good for everyone.”

Mitsui Fudosan which cites on top of its website "Building a sustainable society through urban development.”

Japan Sport Council, an independent administrative agency under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Meiji Jingu Shrine.

These four project sponsors are playing algorithmic game. They say the number of trees to be cut down will be limited to 743 and they have a tree-planting restoration plan.

Laugh. We are in almighty Artificial Intelligence age. In demand is not a manual for decibel-count-based Noise Regulation Law, but an “Intuition” or the five senses of man, described as a thinking reed.

「軽井沢の街並みを保全する条例制定にご協力頂けませんか」。

“越後湯沢化”を阻止すべくリゾートマンション建設ラッシュに歯止めを掛けねばと2001年11月12日、県庁舎一階のガラス張り知事室で佐藤雅義・軽井沢町長は訴えます。

北陸新幹線車内で邂逅（かいこう）した小林陽太郎・富士ゼロックス会長、犬丸一郎・帝国ホテル元社長両氏の「理念無き開発には心を痛めているけど、我々が署名を募っても如何ともし難いだろうし」との述懐を想起した僕は、町長に提案。建築規制に留まらぬ、多元的な景観保全条例の立案前に、「マンション軽井沢メソッド宣言」を発表しましょうと。

往々にして“手続き民主主義”は、人々の願いと裏腹な結果を齎（もたら）します。当該条例案を議会が審議する間に提出された建築確認申請は、建築基準法の規定に適合する限り、許可せざるを得ないのですから。

「的確な認識・迅速な決断と行動・明確な責任」の矜持（きょうじ）を抱いて1ヶ月後の12月11日、「軽井沢の良質な別荘環境は日本の貴重な財産～マンション軽井沢メソッド宣言～」を連名で、1905年＝明治38年竣工の旧三笠ホテルで発表しました。

第一種低層住居専用地域のみならず第一種住居地域に於いても集合住宅は2階建て以下。20戸以上のマンションは戸当たり敷地面積を110平米以上。1棟の戸数は20戸未満。この方針に基づき、町の自然保護対策要綱と自然保護対策要綱取扱要領を翌年元旦付けで改正・施行します。

「脱ダム」宣言、「脱・記者クラブ」宣言に続き、何ら法的根拠を伴わぬ宣言を性懲りも無く発するのかと任意親睦団体「長野県政記者クラブ」所属の複数媒体は報ずるも、豈図（あにはか）らんや経済的新自由主義の“旗頭”と思しき日本経済新聞とテレビ東京が積極的に報じ、複数の開発業者が応じます。

「市場の要請を先取りし、先進的・国際的な金融サービス事業を通じて、新しい価値と環境の創造を目指し、社会に貢献」と企業理念を掲げる大阪発祥のリーシング企業（オリックス）が最後まで難色を示すも、長野県庁舎と同容量の土砂を群馬県側にダンプカーで搬出する無体（むたい）な計画が批判を浴び、断念します。

「軽井沢町の自然保護のための土地利用行為の手続等に関する条例」に加えて2005年12月22日には「軽井沢の美しく豊かな自然・景観は日本の貴重な財産～軽井沢まちなみメソッド宣言～」を発し、それに先駆け、建築家の團紀彦（だん・のりひこ）氏を軽井沢と飯田の「マスターアーキテクト」に任命します。

彼との2004年8月号「新建築」対談から僕の発言を再録。

「建築には極めて社会性が求められます。ナポレオン3世がセーヌ県知事ジョルジュ・オスマンを指名し、凱旋門から放射状に拡がる大通り（ブールヴァード）を設け、『個性化を認めた上での高品質な統一感』の高さや形状を建造物に求めた『パリ改造』が今日も私達を魅了するように、『都市計画』の社会性はby nameで誰かが提示しない限り、民主主義の成果を齎す議論は始まりません。信州での取組は、20世紀型の文明でなく未来へと文化を遺す為の公共事業、即ち新しいケインズのニューディールなのです」。

閑話休題。元環境大臣が首長を務める東京都が認可した明治神宮外苑地区「再開発」が耳目（じもく）を集めています。創業者の至言「三方よし」を企業理念に掲げる伊藤忠商事。HPトップに「街づくりを通して持続可能な社会の構築を実現」と大書きの三井不動産。文部科学省所管の独立行政法人・日本スポーツ振興センター。明治神宮。事業主体4者は、伐採本数743本に留め、植栽再生計画も云々のアルゴリズムな巧言（こうげん）を弄（ろう）します。

呵々（かか）。AI万能時代たればこそデシベル数で判定可能な騒音規制法のマニュアルと異なり景観とは優れて、考える葦たる人間の五官・五感＝「勘性（かんせい）」が求められているのにね。

“Will you please cooperate with me in legislating ordinance for conserving the townscape of Karuizawa?”

That’s what Mayor Masayoshi Sato asked me on November 12, 2001, visiting me at my glass-walled governor’s office on the first floor of the prefectural government building. He was determined to protect his city Karuizawa from becoming another Echigo-Yuzawa. He said, “The construction rush of resort condominiums must stop.”

The incident reminded me of what Fuji Xerox Chair Yotaro Kobayashi and former President of the Imperial Hotel Ichiro Inumaru told me when I encountered them on board the Hokuriku Shinkansen line. They told me “We are seriously concerned about development without principles… ” but “ collecting signatures won’t do anything.”

I gave the Mayor advice.  “Let’s issue a declaration first. The Karuizawa Condominium Method. Then, draft an ordinance that not only sets rules on construction but for preservation of landscape from pluralistic viewpoints.

“Procedural democracy" often brings results contrary to the wishes of the people. The assembly has no choice but approve building warrant applications that are submitted while deliberating on ordinance , as long as they comply with rules and regulations under the Building Standards Act.

With pride in "accurate recognition, quick decision and action, and clear responsibility,” we issued "Declaration of the Karuizawa Condominium Method ~Karuizawa's high-quality vacation home environment is a valuable asset for Japan~” on December 11^th. It only took one month. We made the announcement at a hotel, formerly-known as Mikasa Hotel, built in 1905 during Meiji era.

• Apartment buildings must have no more than two stories not only in Type 1 exclusively low-rise residential zones, but in Type 1 residential zones.
• Condominiums with 20 or more units must have a site area of more than 110 square meters per unit.
• A building must have fewer than 20 units.
• Based on these guidelines, the town's Nature Conservation Measures and the instruction manuals for Nature Conservation Measures will be revised and implemented as of New Year's Day the following year.

Criticism came immediately from several media outlets affiliated with the “Nagano government Press Club,” which is a voluntary social gathering. They lashed out at me saying, “How could he issue a declaration again which lacks in legal basis? When does he learn a lesson?” making references to my past declarations…"anti-dam" "anti-press club.”

But a surprise. Nikkei = Nihon Keizai Shimbun and TV Tokyo, the apparent "flagships" of economic neoliberalism, gave positive coverage. Responses came from multiple developers.

ORIX expressed reservations until the very end. The Osaka-based leasing company ORIX incidentally states its corporate philosophy as "Anticipating market demands and creating new values and environment through our progressive and global financial services, we will contribute to our society. "But the outrageous plan of removing the same volume of earth and sand as the Nagano Prefectural Office building to Gunma Prefecture by dump trucks was given up after criticism.

An ordinance passed the assembly, titled "Regulations Concerning Procedures for Land Use Actions for Nature Conservation in the Town of Karuizawa. "On December 22, 2005, we issued another declaration "Beautiful and Rich Nature and Landscape of Karuizawa are valuable assets of Japan - Karuizawa Townscape Method."

Prior to all this, we appointed architect Norihiko Dan "Master Architect" for Karuizawa and Iida.

Here’s my remark from the August 2004 issue of "New Architecture."

“Architecture must be extremely social. Napoleon III appointed Georges Haussmann, the governor of the Seine, who built boulevards radiating out from the Arc de Triomphe. He called for high-quality unity in the height and shape of buildings while allowing individuality. “Paris Remodeling” “Haussmann’s renovation of Paris” still fascinates us today. Debate on social nature of "Urban Planning" which produces democratic outcome can only begin by appointing someone by name. The Shinshu initiative is not a 20th century civilization but a public work project to bequeath culture to the future. In other words, the initiative is a new, Keynesian New Deal.”

Back on topic. The "redevelopment" of the Meiji Jingu Gaien area, authorized by the Tokyo Government whose head is a former environment minister Yuriko Koike, is attracting a great deal of attention.

ITOCHU Corporation whose corporate philosophy is based on the founder’s words of wisdom “good for everyone.”

Mitsui Fudosan which cites on top of its website "Building a sustainable society through urban development.”

Japan Sport Council, an independent administrative agency under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Meiji Jingu Shrine.

These four project sponsors are playing algorithmic game. They say the number of trees to be cut down will be limited to 743 and they have a tree-planting restoration plan.

Laugh. We are in almighty Artificial Intelligence age. In demand is not a manual for decibel-count-based Noise Regulation Law, but an “Intuition” or the five senses of man, described as a thinking reed.